Rahul Khadse
IPv6 Addressing
| IPv4 | IPv6 |
| 1) It is 32 bit address | 1) It is 128 bit address |
| 2) It is written in decimal format | 2) It is written in hexadecimal format |
| 3) It has four octets (each i s 8 bit) | 3) It has 8 groups (each is 16 bit) |
| 4) Octets are separated with . (dot) | 4) Groups are separated with : (colon) |
| 5) It has five classes A,B,C,D,E | 5) It has no classes |
| 6) It has N/w bits and Host bits according classes | 6) It
has mostly fixed N/w bits (64 bits) and Host bits (64 bits) |
| 7) It uses subnet mask |
7) It does not use
subnet mask. It uses prefix
|
Benefits of IPV6
- Large no of IP address 3.7x1038
- Simplified header
- Extension header
- Fragmentation and security is implemented by extension header
- TTL/hop count is not included in check sum.
- Broadcast is not available
- Any cast is introduced
2001:0db8:3c4d:0012:0000:0000:1234:56ab
-----------------------l-------l-------------------------------
Global prefix Subnet Interface ID
48bits 16bits 64bits
-------------------------------l--------------------------------
To web access with IPv6
To web access with IPv6 type IPv6 in [ ] because
: (colons) are used in IPv6 and after HTTP also.
Eg :- http://[2001:0db8:3c4d:0012:0000:0000:1234:56ab]
Shortened
Expressions
You can remove 0 (zero) from front of group
You can remove 0 (zero) from front of group
E.g :- 2001:0db8:3c4d:0012:3a3a:4b4b:1234:56ab
2001:db8:3c4d:12:3a3a:4b4b:1234:56ab
You can type single 0 (zero) if group has all bits 0
E.g:- 2001:3db8:3c4d:1212:0000:4b4b:1234:56a
2001:3db8:3c4d:1212:0:4b4b:1234:56ab
You can type :: on place of if two or more continues groups has all bits 0
E.g :- 2001:3db8:3c4d:1212:0000:0000:1234:56ab
2001:3db8:3c4d:1212::1234:56ab
If there is more than one place continues groups of 0 bits
E.g :- 2001:0000:0000:3c4d:0000:0000:0000:56ab
2001::3c4d:0:0:0:56ab
Or
2001:0:0:3c4d::56ab
Address Types
Unicast Packets addressed to a unicast address are delivered to a single
interface. For load Balancing, multiple interfaces can use the same address.
Global unicast address 2000::/3 These are your typical publicly routable
addresses, and they are the same as they in IPv4.
Link-local address FE80::/10
These are like the private addresses in IPv4 in that they are not meant to be
routed. This gives you the ability to throw a temporary LAN together for
meetings or for creating a small LAN that’s not going to be routed but still
needs to share and access files and services locally.
Unique Local address FC00::/7
These addresses are also intended for non-routing purpose, but they are
nearly globally unique you will ever have one of them overlap. Unique local
addresses were designed to replace site-local addresses, so they basically do
almost exactly what IPv4 private addresses do- allow communication
throughout a site while being routable to multiple local networks.
Multicast FF00::/8
Same as in IPv4, packets addressed to a multicast address are delivered to all
interface identified by the multicast address. Some people call them one-to-
many addresses.
You can type single 0 (zero) if group has all bits 0
E.g:- 2001:3db8:3c4d:1212:0000:4b4b:1234:56a
2001:3db8:3c4d:1212:0:4b4b:1234:56ab
You can type :: on place of if two or more continues groups has all bits 0
E.g :- 2001:3db8:3c4d:1212:0000:0000:1234:56ab
2001:3db8:3c4d:1212::1234:56ab
If there is more than one place continues groups of 0 bits
E.g :- 2001:0000:0000:3c4d:0000:0000:0000:56ab
2001::3c4d:0:0:0:56ab
Or
2001:0:0:3c4d::56ab
Address Types
Unicast Packets addressed to a unicast address are delivered to a single
interface. For load Balancing, multiple interfaces can use the same address.
Global unicast address 2000::/3 These are your typical publicly routable
addresses, and they are the same as they in IPv4.
Link-local address FE80::/10
These are like the private addresses in IPv4 in that they are not meant to be
routed. This gives you the ability to throw a temporary LAN together for
meetings or for creating a small LAN that’s not going to be routed but still
needs to share and access files and services locally.
Unique Local address FC00::/7
These addresses are also intended for non-routing purpose, but they are
nearly globally unique you will ever have one of them overlap. Unique local
addresses were designed to replace site-local addresses, so they basically do
almost exactly what IPv4 private addresses do- allow communication
throughout a site while being routable to multiple local networks.
Multicast FF00::/8
Same as in IPv4, packets addressed to a multicast address are delivered to all
interface identified by the multicast address. Some people call them one-to-
many addresses.
Posted in: CCNA
